The AR-15 platform, while generally reliable, can sometimes experience malfunctions. One common issue is a failure to feed the second round, where the firearm successfully chambers the first round but fails to pick up and feed the next round from the magazine. This can be frustrating and potentially dangerous, so understanding the causes and solutions is crucial. This comprehensive guide will explore the various reasons behind AR-15 failure to feed the second round, providing practical troubleshooting steps and preventative measures.
Common Causes of AR-15 Failure to Feed Second Round
Several factors can contribute to this problem. Let's examine the most frequent culprits:
Magazine Issues
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Magazine Quality: Low-quality magazines, often made with cheap materials, can cause feeding problems. The follower might not consistently push rounds up, or the body may not be rigid enough to allow for smooth feeding. Upgrading to higher-quality magazines from reputable manufacturers is often the first and most effective step in troubleshooting. Magpul, Lancer, and Magpul are popular choices known for their reliability.
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Magazine Wear: Even high-quality magazines wear down over time. Excessive use can lead to wear and tear on the feed lips, follower, and body. Bent feed lips are a common issue, preventing the round from being properly aligned for feeding.
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Over-insertion: Forcibly inserting a magazine can bend the feed lips, creating feeding issues.
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Improper Loading: Incorrectly loading a magazine (e.g., jamming rounds in or not seating them properly) can result in malfunctions. Always load magazines carefully and ensure each round is seated correctly.
Bolt Carrier Group (BCG) Problems
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Bolt Carrier Lubrication: Insufficient or improper lubrication can lead to friction and hinder the BCG's smooth operation. Too much lubrication can also cause problems by attracting dirt and grime. Use a high-quality gun lubricant specifically designed for AR-15s and apply it sparingly.
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Gas System Issues: Problems within the gas system, such as excessive gas pressure or insufficient gas pressure, can affect the cycling of the BCG, impacting the feeding process. This often manifests as issues beyond just the second round. Ensure the gas system is properly functioning and adjusted.
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Bolt Face Wear: Excessive wear on the bolt face can cause the bolt to not properly grip the cartridge case, leading to malfunctions.
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Extractor Issues: A faulty or weak extractor can prevent the spent casing from being properly ejected, obstructing the feeding of the next round.
Ammunition Problems
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Ammunition Type: Using ammunition that's not compatible with the firearm can lead to malfunctions. This includes using ammunition that's too short or too long, or that has issues with its case construction or bullet seating.
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Ammunition Condition: Using damaged or dented ammunition can cause problems. Inspect ammunition before use for any signs of damage.
Receiver Issues
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Misaligned Upper and Lower Receivers: If the upper and lower receivers are not properly aligned, this can affect the feeding process. Ensure they are correctly aligned and properly tightened.
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Damaged or Worn Parts: Damage or wear to any part of the receiver can contribute to feeding problems. Inspect the receiver carefully for any signs of damage.
Troubleshooting Steps
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Inspect the Magazine: Start by checking the magazine for any visible damage, dirt, or debris. Try a different magazine if available to rule out magazine issues.
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Check Ammunition: Ensure the ammunition is of good quality and compatible with your firearm. Inspect for any damage or defects.
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Clean and Lubricate: Thoroughly clean and lubricate the BCG and receiver. Apply a high-quality gun oil sparingly.
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Check the Gas System: Verify proper gas system function. Adjust the gas system if necessary (if adjustable).
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Inspect the Bolt Carrier Group: Examine the BCG for any signs of wear, damage, or excessive fouling.
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Check for Alignment: Ensure the upper and lower receivers are properly aligned.
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Seek Professional Help: If you have exhausted all other troubleshooting steps, it's best to take the firearm to a qualified gunsmith for a thorough inspection and repair.
Preventative Measures
- Regular Cleaning and Maintenance: Regularly clean and lubricate your AR-15 to prevent malfunctions.
- Use High-Quality Magazines: Invest in high-quality magazines from reputable manufacturers.
- Properly Load Magazines: Always load magazines carefully and ensure each round is seated properly.
- Inspect Ammunition: Always inspect ammunition before use for any signs of damage.
By carefully examining these potential causes and diligently following the troubleshooting steps, you can effectively diagnose and resolve most AR-15 failure-to-feed-second-round issues, ensuring the reliable operation of your firearm. Remember, safety is paramount. If you are unsure about any repair or troubleshooting steps, consult a qualified gunsmith.